Health Page

   What You Need To Know Before You Buy a Bedlington Terrier:

Copper Toxicosis 

   The DNA test is considered at least 95% accurate.  When choosing a pet puppy from a breeder, it is safe to purchase a clear or carrier dog.  The DNA profile of a clear puppy will probably be 1,1.  The DNA profile of a carrier puppy will probably be 1,2.  Discuss the pedigree of your puppy with the breeder before making your purchase.

  One last note of caution:  Never purchase a puppy from a breeder who claims, "I have healthy dogs, look at them, they look healthy."   If the breeder can not give you the liver biopsy and/or DNA reports of the parents, look for a puppy elsewhere.

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Copper Toxicosis -  what a dreaded word for the Bedlington Terrier.  Many scientific explanations of CT exist and many pet owners cannot understand the wording and therefore shy away from the breed.  Here, I will strive to make this easy to understand and hopefully help you thoroughly enjoy your Bedlington!

Copper Toxicosis, simply put, is the livers inability to deal with the Copper in the food ingested by Bedlington Terriers and other breeds that get CT.  This leads to a build up of copper in the Liver and many dogs die.  Most before they reach 7, although there are many who have lived longer lives.   Most animals do not die directly from CT, but from the damage that the failing liver causes to other organs.  The liver filters the blood and if it cannot function properly, it can damage other organs, such as the kidneys and so on. 

In the past, the only way to test for CT was to do a Liver Biopsy.  A piece of the liver is surgically removed and sent to a laboratory for testing.  The lab would contact the owner/breeder with a report on the copper content of that sample.  This report would be used to determine if the animal was normal or affected.  However, this would leave a gap.  Over the years breeders came to realize that there were also carriers in the breed.  A liver biopsy could not determine carriers.  After many years of study, VetGen and other companies, came up with a DNA marker that could provide more information about the genetic linkage of CT.  This marker would be able to determine the CT status of the individual dog.  In most cases, a genetic marker of 1,1 is a normal, non affected dog.  A 1,2 is a non-affected carrier and a 2,2 is a affected dog.  But please remember that this is not true for each and every dog!  VetGen lists their results and the percentages.  In breeding, the ideal situation would be to breed only 1,1 dogs; dogs that are normal, non-affected animals.  As you may have seen, in your search for a Bedlington, these dogs are not the most common of breeds.  Therefore, breeders have a very small gene pool from which to choose breeding stock.  We do, in fact, use 1,2's and sometimes 2,2's.  With careful breeding, and DNA analysis, we can breed out the 2 gene in several generations.  BUT, REMEMBER, the BEDLINGTON IS MORE THEN A LIVER!  Throughout all of this breeding out the 2 gene, we must still breed a good, sound, proper Bedlington Terrier.  We must be careful to keep proper temperment, good organs including the liver, good eyes, ears, and STILL have the terrier "Head of a Lamb and Heart of a Lion!" that this breed is so known for!

How can we determine what your puppies DNA marker will be?  Well, lets keep it simple.  Each parent carries 2 genes.  These can be a 1 or a 2.  Each parent will offer 1 gene to each puppy to combine and be that puppies DNA marker.  Look at the table below to see what can be produced with each set of genes. Parent 1 can be the mother or father, it makes no difference.

Parent 1 is DNA  1,1	Parent 2 is DNA 1,1	Parent 1 is DNA 1,1	Parent 2 is DNA 1,2
All puppies must be DNA 1,1 since neither parent has a 2 gene to offer.  This is the ideal breeding.		Some puppies will be 1,1 since each parent has a 1 gene to offer.  Some puppies will be 1,2 since one of the parents has a 2 gene to offer.
Parent 1 is DNA 1,1	Parent 2 is DNA 2,2	Parent 1 is DNA 2,2	Parent 2 is DNA 2,2
All puppies will be DNA 1,2.  Each parent will offer only 1 gene.  One parent will offer a 1 and one parent will offer a 2.  Neither parent will give both genes.  This is how a 2,2 can be used in breeding.		All puppies will be DNA 2,2.  This breeding is not recommended!

Remember, these tables do not use the word normal, carrier or affected.  In some bloodlines, a 2 can be normal and in rare cases, a 1 can be affected.  Remember again, this is not a perfect world and this is not a perfect test.  However, in a large percentage of dogs, 1,1 are normal, 1,2 are carriers and 2,2 are affected!  My comments about an "Ideal Breeding" and "not recommended" breeding are based on the above 1,1 normal, 1,2 carrier, and 2,2 affected.  VetGen and other companies are working to perfect a test to help us better eliminate CT from our dogs.

I hope this helps you to understand the genetics of CT.  This is not intended to be a medical or scientific explanation.  Just something that the average "Joe" can understand.

(From Kennel Millbrooks page. Thank you Dorie)

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Down under, all dogs there are tested one way or another, will be put on to the list. 

Affected dogs as well.

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Not my breeding, owned by me:

Name/Reg.no.	Born	Parents etc.	VetGenC04107 Sweden + Hair Finland	Sweden C04107B	Biopsy
Blue Light Carmencita	80	The 1st I biopsied, and all outspring from her.			All outspring affected
Top Crystals Deianeira	84	Found as carrier through breeding.	(1-2)		Negative
Granitor's Bramble	85	Found as carrier through breeding.	(1-2)		Negative
Child Betty-Line	85	Blå Skuggan's Mowie Star/Blue Light's Singing Juliette			Negative
Granitor's Mystique	89	Granitor's Joker/Granitor's Tinka	1-1		Negative
Harmony Way Tangerine Tina	96	Borsali'nos Ice-Astrix/Borsali'nos Nueva Niña	1-1
Millbrook's Handsome Stranger	01	Meadowsweet Flashback/Bluestar Millbrook Watch	1-1          1-1	a-a	CT not found/Negative. Heartworm test negative.
Amalie da mia cuccia 23542/03	03	Borsali'nos Perito/Top Mix Enjoy Life	1-1          1-1	a-a	CT not found/Negative
Silky Top Brown Bella Borina DK16452/2000		Silky Top Blue Benji/Borsalinos Regia Benedicktion	1-1 1-1		CT not found/Negative

Stud dog from outside the kennel:

Dogs name/Reg.no.	Born	Parents	C04107	C04107B	Biopsy
Isotop's Clay S20622/88	87	Flamengos Jolly Joker/Velvety Angel Delight	1-1		Negative
Isotop's Mousse S15208/92	88	Velvety Fire Flame/Isotop's Clarissa	1-1		Negative
Harmony Way's Tambourine Man 16298/97	97	Borsali'nos Ice-Astrix/Borsali'nos Nueva Niña	1-1
Fräcke Frillans  Cappuccino	06	Velvety As Good As NewTop Crystal's In The Summertime	1-1	a-a
Jossolli Jet Setter by Bisbee	99	Rathsrigg Raggald/Ch Jossolli Joe's Girl	1-1
Blue Light's Elrond 15743/06	06	Velvety As Good As New/ Skuggans Bright´n´Beauty	1 - 1
Opalen's Sirocco S31917/2004			1-1	a-a
Velvety The First Cut S18211/2007	07	Velvety As Good As New / Havävang  Haute Couture	1-1	a-a	Eyetested negative both eyes
Blue Light's Golden Stardust	07	Blue Light's Elrond/ Borsali'nos 2nd A Adelina	1-1

My breeding:

Dogs name/Reg.no.	Born	Parents	C04107/VetGen C04107B	Eye test	Biopsy/Div.
Borsali'nos Bañito 04105/85	83	Top Crystal's Belos/Borsali'nos Candida			Affected
Borsali'nos Bizarro 04106/85	83	Top Crystal's Belos/Borsali'nos Candida			Affected
Borsali'nos Bioletta 04103/85	83	Top Crystal's Belos/Borsali'nos Candida			Affected
Borsali'nos Belleza 04104/85	83	Top Crystal's Belos/Borsali'nos Candida			Affected
Borsali'nos Candida 03666/83	83	Blå Skuggans Agent In Blue/Blue Light's Carmencita			Affected
Borsali'nos Lucas 03667/83	83	Blå Skuggan's Agent in Blue/Blue Light's Carmencita			Affected
Borsali'nos Accepted Sand Boy 09851/84	84	Blå Skuggans Following Star/Blue Light's Carmencita			Affected
Borsali'nos Cesar 27627/86	86	Granitor's Bramble/Top Crystal's Deianeira	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Canelia 27626/86	86	Granitor's Bramble/Top Crystal's Deianeira	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Cuerdo el Tammy 27628/86	86	Granitor's Bramble/Top Crystal's Deianeira	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Dianesio 14519/87	87	Granitor's Bramble/Top Crystal's Deianeira			Affected
Borsali'nos Dunia 14518/87	87	Granitor's Bramble/Top Crystal's Deianeira			Affected
Borsli'nos el Caramello 18077788	88	Child Betty-Line/Top Crystal's Deianeira			Negative
Borsali'nos Enrico 18080/88	88	Child Betty-Line/Top Crystal's Deianeira			Negative
Borsali'nos Emilio 18079/88	88	Child Betty-Line/Top Crystal's Deianeira			Negative
Borsali'nos Francisco 33301/88	88	Child Betty-Line/Borsali'nos Canelia			Negative
Borsali'nos Ferrilio 33302/88	88	Child Betty-Line/Borsali'nos Canelia			Negative
Borsali'nos Flora 33299/88	88	Child Betty-Line/Borsali'nos Canelia			Negative
Borsali'nos Graviel 17963/89	89	Granitor'sBramble/Top Crystal's Deianeira			Negative
Borsali'nos Hedda-Honradez 22502/90	90	Isotop's Clay/Borsali'nos Canelia	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Harriet-Hortensia 22499/90	90	Isotop's Clay/Borsali'nos Canelia	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Ice-Adrian 18821/91	91	Borsali'nos Cuerdo el Tammy/Borsali'nos Flora	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Ice-Astrix 18825/91	91	Borsali'nos Cuerdo el Tammy/Borsali'nos Flora	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Ice-Andy 18826/91	91	Borsali'nos Cuerdo el Tammy/Borsali'nos Flora	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Ice-Asara 18829/91	91	Borsali'nos Cuerdo el Tammy/Borsali'nos Flora	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Julian 20901/91	91	Granitor's Bramble/Granitor's Mystique	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Koco	91	Granitor's Bramble/Borsali'nos Canelia	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Leona 12958/92	92	Granitor's Bramble/Granitor's Mystique	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Macho 08721/94	93	Granitor's Bramble/Granitor's Mystique	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Niño 08999/94	94	Child Betty-Line/Borsali'nos Canelia	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Nueva Niña 08998/94	94	Child Betty-Line/Borsali'nos Canelia	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Nova 08997/94	94	Child Betty-Line/Borsali'nos Canelia	1-1		Negative
Borsali'nos Optima 07907/96	96	Isotop's Mousse/Granitor's Mystique	1-1    1-1 a-a		CT not found/Negative
Borsali'nos Paloma 17792/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Pana 17793/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Primo 18306/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Pronto 17790/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Pablo 19956/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Perfecto 19957/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Perito 17791/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1		CT not found/Negative
Borsali'nos Pinto 18307/96	96	Borsali'nos Julian/Borsali'nos Nova	1-1
Borsali'nos Quit 03161/97	96	Isotop's Mousse/Granitor's Mystique	1-1		CT not found/Negative
Borsali'nos RegioBenedicktion 16628/98	98	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Reine de Noruega 16625/98	98	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Rocca 16624/98	98	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Rafaela-Beth 16627/98	98	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Rica 16626/98	98	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Rafael-Shargo 16623798	98	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Silverado 13574/99	99	Borsali'nos Macho/Harmony Way's Tangerine Tina	1-1
Borsali'nos Stefani 113575/99	99	Borsali'nos Macho/Harmony Way's Tangerine Tina	1-1
Borsali'nos Señorita Iselin 13576/99	99	Borsali'nos Macho/Harmony Way's Tangerine Tina	1-1
Borsali'nos Sublime Celeste 13577/99	99	Borsali'nos Macho/Harmony Way's Tangerine Tina	1-1
Borsali'nos Sankta Maria 13578/99	99	Borsali'nos Macho/Harmony Way's Tangerine Tina	1-1	Normal both eyes
Borsali'nos Sympatica 13579/99	99	Borsali'nos Macho/Harmony Way's Tangerine Tina	1-1
Borsali'nos Tenorio 23548/99	99	Harmoney Way's Tambourine Man/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Tio 23549/99	99	Harmoney Way's Tambourine Man/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1	Tio's eyes have beenCERF'ed normal	Paellas are certified normal
Borsali'nos Telepatia 23551/99	99	Harmoney Way's Tambourine Man/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Tia-Lene 23550/99	99	Harmoney Way's Tambourine Man/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Tenura 23552/99	99	Harmoney Way's Tambourine Man/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Uno Unico 24494/00	00	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Valeroso 059111/01	01	Borsali'nos Macho/Borsali'nos Regia Benedicktion	1-1
Borsali'nos Valentia 05913/01	01	Borsali'nos Macho/Borsali'nos Regia Benedicktion	1-1
Borsali'nos Veraz 05912/01	01	Borsali'nos Macho/Borsali'nos Regia Benedicktion	1-1
Borsali'nos Wictor 01117/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Walter 01118/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Winter Wonder 01119/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Xandro 09697/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Sublime Celeste	1-1
Borsali'nos Xavies 09698/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Sublime Celeste	1-1		CT not found/Negative
Borsali'nos Xavia-Marrón 09698/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Sublime Celeste	1-1
Borsali'nos Xenia 09700/02	02	Borsali'nos Perito/Borsali'nos Sublime Celeste	1-1
Borsali'nos Yago 02550/03	03	Millbrook's Handsome Stranger/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1		CT not found/negative
Borsali'nos Yiyo 02548/03	03	Millbrook's Handsome Stranger/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1 Bloodtest normal		CT not found/negative
Borsali'nos Yoel 02546/03	03	Millbrook's Handsome Stranger/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Yader 02549/03	03	Millbrook's Handsome Stranger/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Ysmal 02547/03	03	Millbrook's Handsome Stranger/Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos Zeke 15761/03	03	Borsali'nos Xavier/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos Zak 15762/03	03	Borsali'nos Xavier/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos Zacharias 15763/03	03	Borsali'nos Xavier/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1         1-1 a-a
Borsali'nos Zenobia 15764/03	03	Borsali'nos Xavier/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos Zora 15766/03	03	Borsali'nos Xavier/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1		CT not found/Negative
Borsali'nos Zara 15765/03	03	Borsali'nos Xavier/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos 2 A Antonio 15925/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.A Andrés 15924/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.A Augusto 15927/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1 1-1 a-a SLU	Normal both eyes
Borsali'nos 2.A Atilio 15926/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1	Normal both eyes
Borsali'nos 2.A Adelina 159229/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.A Adora 15930/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.A Alba 15928/04	04	Borsali'nos Yago/Silky Top Brown Bella Borina	1-1	Normal both eyes
Borsali'nos 2.B Baltazar 16873/04	04	Borsali'nos Xavies/Nuch Borsali'nos Optima	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca 16874/04	04	Borsali'nos Xavies/Nuch Borsali'nos Optima	1-1

Borsali'nos 2.C Carlos 07647/06	06	Fräcke Frillans Cappuccino/Borsali'nos Zenobia	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.C Camilo 07648/06	06	Fräcke Frillans Cappuccino/Borsali'nos Zenobia	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.C Carla 07649/06	06	Fräcke Frillans Cappuccino/Borsali'nos Zenobia	1-1
Borsali'nos 2.D Deniz 11372/07	07	Jossolli Jet Setter by Bisbee/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2.D Demitri 11370/07	07	Jossolli Jet Setter by Bisbee/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2.D Delino 11371/07	07	Jossolli Jet Setter by Bisbee/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion (a-a)
Borsali’nos 2. E Elicia 26054/07	07	Blue Lights Elrond/Borsali’nos 2. A Adelina	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali’nos 2E Estela to Chablue 26055/07	07	Blue Lights Elrond/Borsali’nos 2. A Adelina	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali’nos 2. E Eugenio 26053/07	07	Blue Lights Elrond/Borsali’nos 2. A Adelina	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd F Francesco	08	Sv uch Opalen's Sirocco/Borsali'nos Zenobia	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd G Gustavo	08	Velvety The First Cut/Borsali'nos 2nd B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd G Gino	08	Velvety The First Cut/Borsali'nos 2nd B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd G Gabriél	08	Velvety The First Cut/Borsali'nos 2nd B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd H Hector	09	Nuch Borsali'nos 2. A Augusto/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd H Hermoza	09	Nuch Borsali'nos 2. A Augusto/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd H Honradez	09	Nuch Borsali'nos 2. A Augusto/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd H Hepsie	09	Nuch Borsali'nos 2. A Augusto/Borsali'nos 2.B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd I Inigo NO55494/10	10	Blue Light's Golden Stardust//Borsali'nos 2. B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd I Ismael NO55495/10	10	Blue Light's Golden Stardust/Borsali'nos 2. B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd I Iboni NO55496/10	10	Blue Light's Golden Stardust/Borsali'nos 2. B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali'nos 2nd I Ife NO55497/10	10	Blue Light's Golden Stardust/Borsali'nos 2. B Blanca	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali’nos 2nd J Josu	10	Borsali'nos 2nd F Francesco/Borsali'nos 2nd A Adelina	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali’nos 2nd J Jeronimo	10	Borsali'nos 2nd F Francesco/Borsali'nos 2nd A Adelina	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)
Borsali’nos 2nd J Jemma	10	Borsali'nos 2nd F Francesco/Borsali'nos 2nd A Adelina	1-1	No copies of the deletion(not carrying the deletion) (a-a)

Statestics of all DNA'd dogs in my breeding.

100% are 1-1.

(DNA tests are guaranteed up to 95%)

The Bedlington Terrier Club of America recommend the following genetic screening tests.

• DNA test for Copper Toxicosis - by VetGen

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